DOLLAR OF THE USA

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All about Dollar

as uniform monetary unit of the USA the dollar has begun the life in 1861 godu. Then the American Congress has decided to let out the first obshchenatsionalnye money, so-called «banknotes on demand», na the sum of 50-60 million dollars, face values were limited to three znachenijami - 5,10 and 20 dollars.

There is a version, that odna from the largest printing companies in New York, undertaken to make obshchefederalnye money, has found out, that from stocks of different dyes na a warehouse of only green colour will suffice on so large order. So on Light there were the banknotes which have received a name «greenback» ("green spinka"; from here and both slangy names of dollars - "green" i "dollars"), and it became a universal nickname of the American money.

On another versii, prevalence of green colour in the general shape of dollar is connected s by that for the press of money the paper slightly greenish ottenka has been chosen and drawing have made green that it did not appear through cherez a paper.

As to the word "dollar", its steels upotrebljat in New Light from the eighteenth century, having borrowed on an essence eto a word at Europeans. In Bohemia located almost in center Evropy, in 1518 near a valley Sacred Ioahima have started to mint serebrjanuju a coin named ioahim-staler from German Tal - dolina. Spustja any time the first part of the name of a coin has disappeared, the second zhe-thaler-became to wander from the country to the country, slightly izmenjajas. V Holland, for example, thalers became dalderami, or daagalderami, potom guldens, in Scandinavia - dalerami, or riksdalerami, v to Italy-tallero, in Poland-talarami, the Spanish coins went to France - epokondalyami. В colonies of New Light - peso which anglojazychnoe the population began to name the Spanish dollars, transformirovav a word a thaler.

Own silver dollar, ravnoznachnyj under the maintenance of precious metal to the Spanish peso, pojavilsja in the USA in 1792. This dollar shared on hundred cents.

We will notice only one - silver and gold dollars, despite changes occurring s by them (the proclaimed free coinage of silver dollars dovolno quickly has been stopped, in coins the maintenance dragotsennyh of metals and so forth changed), - could not consult with all to problems of the American state. And then it was necessary pribegnut to cheaper in manufacturing to paper money like «continental banknotes», the USA let out soon after declaration nezavisimosti. But this money has not justified assigned on them nadezhd as had no obshchefederalnymi the rights and so bystro obestsenivalis, that have generated expression: « Nothing standing, as kontinentalnye ». The subsequent releases of the American paper money too ne brought special advantage.

The matter is that the constitution of the USA, prinjataja in 1787, has not given to the federal government iskljuchitelnogo of the right to release of money, and it has led to occurrence beschislennogo of set of different instruments of payment at full beskontrolnosti from the central authorities. The banks of states which had pravitelstvennuju the licence, and also private banks and even some krupnye commercial enterprises that is called, drove the dengu s various drawings and strange face values: were, for example, kupjury in 3, 7, 13 dollars. Whether

It is necessary to say, that such sort denezhnyj bespredel conducted to chaos, in particular continually caused bank rotstva. Not without reason ordinary Americans have christened local banks and them dengi« wild cats », and this expression became winged. In a course was ne less than 1600 various kinds of currency which everyone could understand far ne. It strongly facilitated job falshivomonetchikov. Neudivitelno, that, under some data, half of paper money, obrashchavshihsja in the USA to the beginning of 60th years of the last century, was falshivoj. Chto concerns the central government it ran the of business through chastnye banks or carried out payments in a hard coin, and also v gold and in bars of silver, at last, let out time, quickly vykupaemye bonds.

When between the North and the South the war has flashed grazhdanskaja, large means, chtoby to conduct operations were necessary for that and other party. And then the federal congress as uzhe govorilos, in 1861 has obliged exchequer in the name of it secretary Salmona CHejza (in the then government And. Lincoln its post sootvetstvoval of a post of the Minister of Finance) to let out uniform natsionalnye banknotes of the United States as lawful payment sredstvo.

By the way, the confederation of the southerners, not less requiring v money, has printed the first dollars too in New York in one iz largest polygraphic companies. Subsequently southerners continued emissiju in the capital - Richmond, the truth, southern dollars cost neizmerimo less, than grinbaksy northerners.

the First obshcheamerikanskie dollary the appearance were in many respects similar with present all denominations. The very first 5-dollar and 10-dollar banknotes imeli, for example, portraits of statesmen of America А. Gamil`tona and A.Linkolna. At the moment of release of banknotes the Lincoln continued svoju activity on a post of the US president; in two years it has overtaken pulja murderers.

Further on the American dollars appeared glavnym in the image of the image of the first state persons: presidents, gossekretarej, senators, the military high rank, caused a stir in fighting dejstvijah, and also the higher financial employees. But exceptions became i: a 2-dollar denomination of the end of the last century have decorated, naprimer, portraits of inventors Fultona and Morze, hardly after na a 5-dollar banknote there was an image of the leader of Indians of a tribe siu - Vanpepe. On denominations the portrait of the spouse pervogo of the US president - Martha Vashington at various times appeared.

Since 1896 in the reference postupili dollars of widely known educational series - on banknotes byli are skilfully executed drawings of allegorical figures, personifying History, the Science, Commerce, the Industry. On a denomination which was concluding seriju, it has been presented in the form of the figure holding in the lifted hand zazhzhennuju elktrolampochku. Electricity, as the force which is seizing the world.

On the denominations serii, issued with 1863 for 1929, - reproductions of pictures, izobrazhavshih various events in history of the USA: Columbus`s disembarkation, vstuplenie pilgrims on the earth of America, experiments Franclin с by an atmospheric electricity, capitulation of Englishmen in To war after independence and others.

last century and in the beginning of this century dollar banknotes were larger (7,42 on 3,125 inches), simultaneously was issued 5 - and 10-dollar denominations the first obshchefederalnogo release.

So-called fractional currency sovsem small formats. The same dollars which address today, tak the named small size (6,14 h 2,61 inches, that is approximately 16 h 7 sm), for the first time have appeared in July, 1929.

And now a little slov abo ut that unusual role which in the present financial world plays dollar. To the Second World War it was equal among currencies of other countries, vydeljajas unless the stability. In the summer of 1944 in small kurortnom small town Bretton-Vuds, that in American state Nju-Gempshir, predstaviteli 44 countries at the International financial conference rassmotreli the post-war device international currency-financial sistemy. Not going into subtleties of the accepted decisions, we will tell only, that konferentsija has made the decision on transition from the former gold standard, sushchestvovavshego before war which meant gold maintenance ljuboj of currency, to international zolotodollarovomu to the standard, where dollaru otvodilos position of the intermediary between gold and currencies of the others stran. As a matter of fact, all currencies were as though attached to dollar, kotoryj stanovilsja some kind of the gold duplicate. Therefore for each country vazhnejshee value got a parity of its own currency s dollar, in other words, dollar parity.

Now already priznano, that bretton-vudskie decisions have well affected economy development mirovoj. The volume of a trading exchange on a foreign market with 1949 po was quadrupled 1970, considerably overtaking world proizvodstvo. The international division of labour quickly grew, developed kooperatsija also specialisation of manufactures.

Out of these protsessov okazalsja Soviet Union participating in Bretton-Vudsky conference, no not signed its total documents. Thus the USSR has refused sostojat a member of the International currency fund and the International bank rekonstruktsii and the development, created in Bretton-Vudse. Today it is necessary lish to reflect on expediency of such actions.

On an economic measure razvitija, and also strengthenings of such countries as Japan, Frantsija, Germany, on the one hand, and with another - repartition in the financial polozhenii USA, in connection with large expenses in the country and abroad, potrebovalas updating bretton-vudskoj systems, as has come true na the international conference in January, 1976 on Jamaica. Here there was the new currency system meaning, that the dollar okonchatelno will replace gold as the main means of the international valjutnyh reserves. "Swimming" valjut - refusal of firm parities at sharp fluctuations, skladyvajushchihsja in the market of rates of exchange became the important element of new system.

In these new conditions status of dollar as world reserve currency it was saved. Today more pole the fault of all calculations under the international transactions is conducted in dollar THE USA. 50 billion banknotes, from them the fifth chast All over the world circulates - the American dollars. In total on globe addresses over 380 billions dollars, and as believe, two thirds of all 100-dollar kupjur are outside of the USA. It is no wonder, that requirement v new dollar banknotes, first of all sotennogo face value, annually vozrastaet approximately for 5 percent.

the Special status of dollar as mirovogo the bank note explains constant attention to it falshivomonetchikov of different colours in the different countries. Perfection copy-multiplying Technicians, on the one hand, and with another- sravnitelno weak security of present paper dollars, external vid which, by the way, varied throughout almost six desjatilety a little, - conduct to that one hundred with superfluous millionov false 50 - and 100-dollar denominations annually "is issued". Only in the USA by the end 1995 of year, according to estimations, in offices and private houses was zadejstvovano 4,9 million the colour computer printers, allowing pechatat difficult colour images. Colour copiers, suitable dlja copyings of such images, apparently, anybody and not schit al. Estestvenno, a lot of such technics and out of country limits. In a year before last finansovom, submitted law enforcement bodies, in the USA was konfiskovano counterfeit pieces of paper on 44 million, and abroad - more chem on 120 million dollars, Since 1989 this quantity ezhegodno udvaivaetsja. Out of the USA on a hand to counterfeiters plays general uvazhenie to dollar and at the same time as it is paradoxical, nedostatochnoe acquaintance to details of its appearance. It is necessary to tell, chto in the country of 90 percent of forgeries are intercepted confidential sluzhboj still before they get to the reference.

That zhe kasaetsja territories where especial flow of false dollars is noticed, to it first of all France - there for a year appears forgeries approximately na 12 million dollars, then Germany, the Great Britain and Belgium. В these countries self-made dollars flow from the countries Near and Middle The east. And the false denominations arriving in large lots, at all ne smell as an amateur work. Them quite often name "superdollars" as kupjury are executed on the present dollar paper from which chemical putem have washed off drawing of a small denomination and in the typographical way have put izobrazhenija, appearing on denominations of large advantages.

However, Ministerstvo the finance of the USA considers occurrence of forgeries not such big bedoj as they make approximately 0,0003 percent of the general summy obrashchajushchihsja dollars. Nevertheless the state of affairs with counterfeit kupjurami forces the USA to search for new ways of protection against fakes.

US dollar - denezhnaja unit American samoa, the British territory in Indian ocean, the Virgin Islands (British), the Virgin Islands (the USA), Gaiti, Guam, the Small Pacific Remote islands USA, Marshallovykh islands, Micronesia, Palau, Panama, Puerto Rico, Northern Marianskikh islands, the United States of America, Turks and Caicos Islands. 1 dollar THE USA it is equal to 100 cents.

Now payment sredstvom banknotes advantage in 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 500, 1000, 5000 and 10000 dollars of different kinds and years of release of series (including made till 1928) are lawful And coins advantage in 1, 5, 10, 25, 50 cents and 1 dollar.

monetary tickets of the USA Being in the reference sovremennye are presented basically by three raznovidnostjami (the corresponding inscription is put on the obverse party nad by a portrait):

silver certificates,
banknotes of the United States,
banknotes of the Federal reserve (they make more than 99 % of all monetary weight).

Average time of the reference of monetary tickets of various advantages not equally:

for banknotes advantage in 100 dollars it makes 9 years,
50 dollars - 5-9 years,
20 dollars - 2-4 years,
10 dollars - 1,5-3 years,
5 and 1 dollar - 1,5 years.

Banknoty Federal a reserve go to the reference through 12 Federal reserve banks and their branches located in 12 districts Federalnoj rezervnoj of system. To each Federal reserve district are appropriated nomer also the alphabet letter. Cities in which these banks are located, sootvetstvujushchie numbers and letters are resulted more low.

Boston	1	A
New York	2	B
Philadelphia < align = "centre "> C
Clevelend	4	D
Richmond	5	E
Atlanta	6 > Chicago	7	G
Saint Louis	8	H
Minneapolis	9	10	J
Dallas	11	K
San Francisco	12	L

їєъ«Ф« banknotes are numbered by parties on Each party Has the (identical) letter-suffix (from And to Z, excluding), stojashchuju in the end of number. As at number from eight figures poluchaetsja 99 999 999 banknotes, in party are added one more monetary ticket s by number terminating in an asterisk instead of the letter. Same monetary biletami with an asterisk the rejected banknotes, found out pri the definitive control are replaced.

year vypuska of a series Specified on a face sheet (for example, series 1988) designates year when for the first time there was a given concrete drawing of a banknote. Though during the period with 1928 po 1995 of the image of the obverse and turnaround parties of monetary tickets odnogo of advantage basically remained invariable, some even javno visible distinctions exist.

On the obverse and turnaround storonah the designations are put, allowing to establish, from what pechatnoj form (opredeljaetsja.po obverse and turnaround storon) and from what its site (it is defined on a control letter i to number kvadranta) the image on given concrete banknotu has been put number of a cliche. For monetary tickets of early series (1928, 1934, 1950, 1963 gg.) the arrangement scheme was other, therefore on such banknotes otsutstvuet number kvadranta, and control letters represent prakticheski all alphabet.

Till 1991 all banknotes were printed v Washington, federal district of Columbia, a corresponding inscription «Washington, D. C.» It is put on a face sheet. In April, 1991 there was a second enterprise - in Fort Worth (Fort Worth), staff Texas. Banknoty, printed at this enterprise, save an inscription «Washington, D. C.» And in addition have a designation «FW» before kontrolnoj a letter at a right edge. Since 1992 a part monetary tickets Federal a reserve advantage in 1 dollar of series 1988-1995 gg. izgotovljaetsja on more productive role printing mashinah. Na to a face sheet of such banknotes at a left edge are absent control litera and number kvadranta, at right - a control letter before number klishe, on the back cliche number is located over the letter "E" of a word «ONE».

the Most widespread banknotes of the United States of America, being in circulation

Advantage	a face sheet Plot	a back Plot	the Sizes, mm	Years of release of series

1	George Vashingtona`s Portrait	the Big press of the United States	156х66	1963, 1969, 1974, 1977, 1981, 1985, 1988, 1993, 1995
2	Thomas Jefferson`s Portrait	Signing of the Declaration of independence	156х66	1976
5	the Portrait of Avraam of the Lincoln	the Lincoln Memorial	156х66	1928, 1934, 1950, 1963, 1969, 1974, 1977, 1981, 1985, 1988, 1993, 1995, 1999
10	Alexander Gamiltona`s Portrait	Exchequer of the USA	156х66	1928, 1934, 1950, 1963, 1969, 1974, 1977, 1981,1985, 1988, 1990, 1993, 1995, 1999
20	Andrew Jacksons Portrait	the White house	156х66	1928, 1934, 1950, 1963, 1969, 1974, 1977,1981, 1985, 1988, 1990, 1993, 1995, 1996
50	Ulissa Simpson Granta`s Portrait	the Capitol	156х66	1928, 1934, 1950, 1963, 1969, 1974, 1977, 1981, 1985, 1988, 1990, 1993, 1996
100	Benjamin Franklina`s Portrait	an independence Palace	156х66	1928, 1934, 1950, 1963, 1969, 1974, 1977, 1981, 1985, 1988, 1990, 1993, 1996

On a denomination face sheet in one dollar - portret George Vashingtona (1732 - 1799), the commander-in-chief amerikanskoj the army during War for independence with By England (1775-1783) and the first US president (1789 - 1797) On the return party kupjury represents the so-called Big press Connected Shtatov. Sleva - its face sheet with Latin saying from 13 letters:« Annuit Coeptis "-" He has blest our enterprise ». Not finished pyramid simvoliziruet designates continuous growth, and an eye blest look God. On the right-other party of the press where also there is an inscription iz of 13 letters:« E Pluribus Unum "-" From many - one ». The constellation from 13 zvezd over a head of an eagle which compresses in claws of 13 arrows, olive vetv with 13 lea ves and 13 fruits, symbolises 13 American colonies.

Two-dollar kupjura has Thomas Jefferson`s (1743-1826) portrait, the author project Declarations about independence (1776), the state secretary at Дж. Washington, then the vice-president and the US president (1301-1809). On to a denomination underside - a picture reproduction« Proclamation to independence the USA ».

On 5-dollar to a denomination - portrait Abraham the Lincoln (1809-1865), the national hero American naroda, the US president who cancelled slavery and has won rebellious juzhnye states in civil war. On an underside it is represented memorial, devoted to memory of the Lincoln. The building constructed in 1922 godu, reminds, on a plan of the architect of G.Bacon, a classical grechesky temple. In the central hall in height of 28 metres there is almost shestimetrovaja a statue of the sitting president of the Lincoln, the executed skulptorom D.Frenchem.

On 10-dollar to a denomination - portrait Aleksandra Hamilton (1757-1804) - one of the most visible participants Wars for independence, secretary Dzh. Washington, and later - during a presidency time ego - the Minister of Finance. On a banknote underside- zdanie exchequers (the Ministry of Finance) the USA.

the American statesman Andrew Jackson (1767-1837) represented on 20-dollar kupjure. In a rank of general E. Jackson battled to Englishmen, participated v to working out of the constitution of the USA. This statesman occupied dvazhdy a presidential post (1829-1837) and «differed honesty and to thought straight lines obrazom».

the Back of a 20-dollar denomination represents rezidentsiju the US president - the White house. This oldest building of capital SSHA (architects of J. Hoban and B.Latrob), put in pawn in 1792 at the first prezidente J. Washington and finished in 1829.

Uliss Simpson the Grant (1822-1885) - the commander of the federal army which has accepted kapituljatsiju of rebellious southern states in civil war (1861-1865), i the US president (1869-1877) is represented on 50-dollar kupjure. Na to other party - the Capitol building - residence of the congress of the USA, postroennaja architects U.Torntonom, B.Latrobom and T.Uolterom.

the Most known - 100-dollar - banknota has Benjamin Franklina`s image (1706-1790)- amerikanskogo the educator, the statesman and the scientist. B. Franklin participated in preparation of the Declaration on independence i in development of the Constitution of the USA, has based the first library in To America. Attention Franklin as the scientist was involved with various natural phenomena. He explained an origin of gales, has named Gulf Stream, having put ego on a map, has developed the theory of some the electric phenomena. Many academies and scientific organisations of the different countries, including Russian academy sciences, have selected Franklin the honorary member. Reverse side banknotes the building represents Independence Hall-Palace to independence in Philadelphia where in 1776 it has been proclaimed obrazovanie by the USA.

This series of modern dollars is supplemented with denominations bolee of large advantages which do not address outside of the USA, a in the America meet all less often and less often as federal kaznachejstvo tries to redeem them as required. Among such denominations 500-dollar a banknote with the image of president William Mak-Kinli (1843-1901), the victim from a knife of the anarchist, and also 1000-dollar a denomination with the image of US president Stephen of G.Klivlenda (1837-1908), the dollar which has restored to the gold standard. Is and 5000-dollar kupjura, it has been let out with a portrait of US president James Medisona (1751-1836), the participant of War for independence, the author of positions, prinjatyh in a basis of the American constitution of 1787. At last, 10000 dollar kupjura, on it portrait Salmona of P.Chejza - the secretary of exchequer SsHa pri the Lincoln. Short time in very small amount in THE USA applied a denomination advantage in 100000 dollars , on which izobrazhen US president Wilson Wilson (1856-1924), the doctor of philosophy, rektor Princeton university. In 1918 it has put forward the program mira from 14 points which have played an important role in adjustment mirnogo of process after the First World War.

HOW to DISTINGUISH the FORGERY

When it is not possibilities to check up a dollar denomination on the special device, a more often and happens, first of all attentively examine banknotu. Portrety, sockets, vignettes, an ornament on the present dollars are printed tak, that lines of drawings are convex, and it considerably unaided glazom. Takie cambers cannot reproduce modern copy ustrojstva, drawings on such devices turn out more ploskimi and not so accurate in comparison with original dollars. If to touch the present drawings they seem little bit rough, nadpis in the top part of any banknote it will be felt slightly vypukloj. Kstati, the paper of the present dollars is sufficient is elastic to the touch, no in addition it and "crackles", that lacks forgeries.

Feature authentic banknotes that the face value of a denomination set on the right ot of a portrait in words on the seal of the Treasury Department of the US, is transparent- pod face value it is possible to consider the press that usually does not suffice poddelkam where the press hammers in an inscription or, on the contrary, an inscription - the press.

Dollars, vypushchennye after 1990, are supplied still by a protective inscription around portretov: « The United States of America », the executed micropress tak, that for reading the magnifier is required. With its help other protection frame - vpresovannuju in a monetary paper poliefirnuju a thread of 10-15 micron on which letters UsA i face value of a banknote in words are printed is possible in the thickness also obnaruzhit. At last, one more protection frame, ispolzuemoe after 1990, - vpresovannye in banknotes small colour shelkovye fibres which too are better for examining by means of a magnifier though pri sharp sight they can be noticed with open years. All these new mery for boards badly give in to reproduction on the copy technics.

Handicraft imitations, meeting are often enough, quite often reduced to that k to unit the zero cut out from another denominations and then one dollar becomes one hundred finish gluing or the five turns to fifty dollarov. Predupredit such error it is possible, having remembered portraits on banknotah. Ne forget also, that on each denomination its face value- estestvenno, in English is specified in words. Usually forgeries large dostoinstv pytajutsja, as a rule, vsuchit, hiding fakes between original denominations, v those places where people hurry and are inattentive: in shops, in booths, na stations, in bars. It is necessary to remember only, that in any case, obnaruzhiv false dollar, do not try "to alloy it " as it dejstvie is interfaced to the criminal liability. Hand over a forgery pravoohranitelnym to bodies is better or destroy it.

That zhe kasaetsja false "superdol lars" them to reveal in usual conditions dovolno difficultly. It is done only by experts by means of the tables, signatures of the Minister of Finance helping slichat identity and the secretary kaznachejstva in series of different years and on denominations of different advantages.

Characteristic defects of a false 50-dollar banknote of the USA "a superfake "

the Face sheet

1. Na false banknotes in the oval socket with number "50" giloshirnyj the pattern is connected to a light planimetric line of figure "About" black peremychkoj, in original monetary tickets for this site is available white razryv. Giloshirnye lines in false banknotes form closed petlju.

2. On false banknotes in a word «RESERVE» between letters «S» and "E" there is a rupture; on original monetary tickets these letters vypolneny together.

3. On false banknotes the green print pechati of Exchequer does not possess sufficient clearness; signs in circular nadpisi and asterisks on shevrone have considerable distortions po of a configuration. In original banknotes similar defects are absent.

the Back

1. V original monetary tickets ottenenie a semioval and horizontal shtriha figures "5" it is connected by a narrow black crosspiece. In false banknotah the black crosspiece is absent.

2. On false banknotes v a word «TRUST» the right bottom element of the letter «R» has five inclined shtrihov, on original monetary tickets this element contains six shtrihovyh lines. The interval between the right bottom element and top poluovalom letters «R» is expressed insufficiently accurately in comparison s by original bank notes.

3. One of inclined strokes mezhdu letters «R» and «I» word «AMERICA " on original monetary tickets gorazdo is shorter, than in false, owing to what in it meste nabljudaetsja a light point. On false banknotes the light point ne is defined.

the Note : it is necessary to have in view of, that otlichitelnye the signs resulted in the present information, can otsutstvovat at false 50-dollar banknotes of other types of fakes hudshego of quality (not "superfakes ").

Characteristic defects of a false 100-dollar banknote of the USA "a superfake "

Among counterfeit monetary tickets of the USA a leading position on the rasprostraneniju, certainly, occupy banknotes with advantage in 100 dollarov. They rather essentially differ on quality of manufacturing, i it first of all depends on the reproduction of the image applied by counterfeiters sposoba on the monetary ticket. In variety izvestnyh now 100-dollar fakes banknotes, izgotovlennye are revealed by next ways:

) metallografskoj the press,

flat offset printing,

a stencil process,

an electrophoto (x-copying),

a kapelno-ink jet printing.

Exposed counterfeit 100-dollar banknotes of a class "super" have the following series designated na the monetary ticket (years of release): 1977, 1981, 1985, 1988, 1990, 1993. Among counterfeit banknotes of earlier series of "superfakes" it was revealed not.

In the conditions of cash job opredelenija of a concrete version of "superfake" not required. However ignoring of the fact of presence of several variants of a counterfeit banknot class "super" can lead to an error at a stage of their division s by original monetary tickets. Therefore at research of "superfakes" it is necessary to mean, that:

1) counterfeit banknoty this category of different series (years of release) have spetsifichesky and distinct from banknotes of other series a set characteristic priznakov;

2) counterfeit banknotes of the sa me series (year r vypuska) can possess a different set of these signs (for example, raznovidnosti "superfakes" №№ 2, 3, 4 or 5, 6 on fig. 5);

3) nekotorye signs can be identical to a part of banknotes of one series (year of release) and a part or all set of banknotes of other series (year vypuska) (for example, in versions of "superfakes" №№ 1, 2 or 4, 5).

a face sheet

1. V original monetary tickets the right part of the image of sheet under vinetkoj with number "100" in the left top part of a banknote has continuous kontur; in counterfeit banknotes in him rupture is observed.

2. V original monetary tickets the left bottom part of an oval line, okajmljajushchaja a portrait of Franklin, and the right part giloshirnoj strips at the left ot a portrait closely adjoin to each other; in counterfeit banknotes mezhdu the blank in the form of a strip is available them.

3. In "superfakes" mezhdu letters "T" and "N" in a word «THE» the left vertical line, okonturivajushchaja shaped the element, in the top part proceeds za element limits that is absent in original banknotes.

4. V original monetary tickets the right top part of the letter "With" in a word «AMERICA» is displaced to the left concerning a step site of the light polosy framework bordering giloshirnyj a pattern over this word; v counterfeit banknotes they are located strictly the friend under the friend.

5. V original monetary tickets external double lines, okonturivajushchie s the right party the left bottom framework with number "100", are parallel the friend drugu on all extent; in their "superfakes" parallelnost narushaetsja: in the bottom part of a framework of a line approach.

6. In original denezhnyh tickets in a word «NOTE» the three first letters are accurately separated the friend ot to the friend by black dividing elements; In counterfeit banknotes razdelitelnye elements between letters "About" and «N», and also "About" and "T" preryvajutsja therefore letters incorporate with each other thin svetlymi crosspieces.

7. In original monetary tickets in a word «ONE» dividing elements between "About" and «N», and also between two chastjami letters «N» have okonturivanie which is absent v "superfakes".

In original monetary tickets the internal ovalnaja part of a dividing element between letters «N» and "E" in that zhe word «ONE» has other filling with light lines giloshirnogo uzora, than on a counterfeit banknote (12 fig. see the scheme 2).

8. V original monetary tickets the top part bottom dividing elementa between letters «I» and "With" in a word «AMERICA» has peaked formu; in counterfeit banknotes this top part is cut off.

In original denezhnyh tickets the top line ottenenija under the letter «I» in the same word «AMERICA» continuous, with a small thickening; in "superfakes" on it uchastke bifurcation of a line in the form of "loop" is observed.

the Back

9. V original monetary tickets between the bottom part of a semioval and the top chastju right leg of the letter «R» in a word «TRUST» is available accurate rupture; v counterfeit banknotes these parts of the letter are printed together.

It same a known sign of "superfakes" advantage in 100 dollars, kotoryj before occurrence of last version of banknotes of series 1990 and 1993 gg. Was the basic distinctive sign of all counterfeit 100-dollarovyh banknotes of a class "super". However and now it has not lost svoego value at revealing of "superfakes" of series till 1988 vkljuchitelno.

10. In original monetary tickets the bow-shaped lestnichnyj element adjoining in the left bottom part to a vignette, raspolozhennoj in the right bottom part of a b anknote, consists of five chetyrehugolnikov, in "superfakes" - from four.

11. V counterfeit banknotes there is an accurate vertical stroke, ogranichivajushchy the left part of the basis of a lantern; in original monetary biletah this stroke is absent or looks as hardly noticeable thin linija.

12. In original monetary tickets the ladder element, primykajushchy in the right top part to a vignette located above sprava, consists of three quadrangular elements, in "superfakes"- iz four.

In original monetary tickets the bottom part of the second sverhu shaded polygon consists of four elements, v "superfakes" - from three.

13. In original monetary tickets v of an inscription «THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA» the top parts of both letters «S» v a word «STATES», letters "About" in a word «OF» and the letter "With" in a word «AMERICA» imeet the rounded off form; in counterfeit banknotes the top part of these bukv "is cut off".

14. In original monetary tickets in a vignette, raspolozhennoj in the left top part of a frame, a wide bow-shaped strip s the shaded polygonal figures and an internal part of a vignette razdeleny a continuous line; in counterfeit banknotes in this line is available razryv, therefore on a white strip the zigzag (step) site was formed.

15. In original monetary tickets the left verhny bow-shaped ornament in a frame with shaded polygonal figurami comes to an end in the left part with a ladder element from four prjamougolnikov and does not adjoin to okonturivajushchej lines; v "superfakes" it consists of five rectangles and adjoins k a bow-shaped planimetric line.

16. In original monetary tickets v of the bottom part of a dividing element between letters "E" and «R» in a word «AMERICA» there is a thin vertical stroke; in counterfeit banknotes etot the stroke is absent.

17. In original monetary tickets na a site of a dark shade under letters «R» and «S» in a word «DOLLARS» are available dva a white blank of the wrong form: one - under the left part of the letter «S», the second - under the letter «R»; in counterfeit banknotes the blank is available tolko under the left part of the letter «S».

On the same fragment mestopolozhenie of two ruptures in the horizontal line v second from above original and counterfeit banknotes variously: in original monetary biletah the left rupture is located over the shaded six-coal figuroj frame, right - in an interval between such figures; In counterfeit banknotah - on the contrary.

18. In original monetary tickets in bottom chasti a dividing element between letters "E" and «D» in a word «HUNDRED» there is a thin vertical stroke; in counterfeit banknotes etot the stroke is absent.

19. In original monetary tickets ottenenie of the bottom part of the letter «N» in a word «HUNDRED» it is executed neskolkimi by the horizontal dashed lines, located one pod another; in "superfakes" one of lines is absent, that results k to blank education.

20. In original monetary tickets rasstojanie between a right edge of the left bottom vignette and a letter left edge "About" a word «ONE» it is much less, than in counterfeit banknotes.

Thus :

- esli in the monetary ticket it is not revealed signs metallografskogo a way pechati it can be unequivocally carried to the counterfeit;

- if v the monetary ticket there are signs metallografskogo a way pechati, but is revealed, that at its man ufacturing was used printing forma poor quality it is counterfeit;

- if denezhnyj the ticket is made by way metallografii from high-quality pechatnyh forms in a combination to way of a relief printing it can be ili original, or "super fake".